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'''Nicolaus Bruhns''' (1665-1697)
'''Nicolaus''' (or '''Nikolaus''') '''Bruhns''' (1665-1697) was a German organist and composer working in Husum.


''NOTE: this article was [partially] automatically generated from an entry submitted to '''wvlist.net'''. You can help add pictures and more information to this article!''
[[Category:Persons]][[Category:WVlist pages]]


{{Stub}}[[Category:Persons]][[Category:WVlist pages]]
== Life ==
Nicolaus Bruhns was born between December 3 and 24, 1665, in Schwabstedt, around 15 kilometers south-east from Husum, where his father (maybe a student of [[Franz Tunder]]) was working as organist. He likely began learning music from his father, and in 1681 he moved to Lübeck to study the viola da gamba, violin, organ and composition.


== WVlist Notes ==
His teacher [[Dietrich Buxtehude]] advised him to go to Kopenhagen. Nothing is known about Bruhns's time there, which started in 1686...perhaps he was a student of [[Christian Geist]].
<blockquote><nowiki>All known organ works listed according to edition by Klaus Beckmann (ED 9785). Fragment of Preludium in G Major from Möllerschen Handschrift is also included, as well as an ornamented copy of "Nun Komm, der Heiden Heiland" by J. F. Agricola</nowiki><br>-William Rehwinkel, Feb 21, 2022</blockquote>


<blockquote><nowiki></nowiki><br>-William Rehwinkel, May 9, 2022</blockquote>
On March 30, 1689, Nicolaus Bruhns became the organist at the state church in Husum.


<blockquote><nowiki>Cantatas are from Nicolaus Bruhns: Gesammelte Werke, ed. Fritz Stein. Braunschweig: Henry Litolff, 1937. Das Erbe Deutscher Musik I-II.</nowiki><br>-WR, Nov 10, 2022</blockquote>
In 1740, [[Johann Mattheson]] wrote a curious tale in which Bruhns played his violin while sitting at the organ, playing the pedals and the violin at the same time.
 
Bruhns passed away on March 29, 1697, at only 31 years old.


== Works ==
== Works ==
[[File:Bruhns great em.jpg|thumb|right|The first page of the Prelude in E Minor by [[Nicolaus Bruhns]]]]
The organ works by Bruhns survive in the following sources:
* The [[Möller Manuscript]], which contains the Preludium in E Minor, copied by [[Johann Christoph Bach]]<ref>{{NdS2 2009}} 535.</ref> (as well as a fragment of the Preludium in G Major).
* The [[Schmahl Organ Tablatures]] (and a 19th-century copy of it), containing the Prelude in E Minor.
* A collection of four manuscripts which are all descendants of a fifth, [[B-Bc 26659]] written by [[Johann Friedrich Agricola]]. Each manuscript contains the Preludium in G Major and a version of ''Nun komm der Heiden Heiland'' with more ornamentation inserted by Agricola.
** An ostensibly more original copy of ''Nun komm der Heiden Heiland'' is found in the [[Johann Gottfried Walther]] manuscript [[D-B Mus.ms. Bach P 802]].
* [[DK-Kk mu 7503.0234]], which includes a fragment of another preludium.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Surviving works by Nicolaus Bruhns
|+ Surviving organ works by Nicolaus Bruhns
|-
|-
! Source(s) !! Title !! Incipit  
! Source(s)<ref>Beckmann, Klaus (editor). ''Nicolaus Bruhns: Sämtliche Orgelwerke.'' Meister der Norddeutschen Orgelschule 13. [earlier edition, not including Brunckhorst] Mainz: Schott, 2004.</ref> !! Title !! Incipit  
|-
|-
!colspan="3"|Organ Works
|[[Möller Manuscript]] f.97v-100r
|-
|
|Praeludium in E Minor, Groß
|Praeludium in E Minor, Groß
|<score>{\relative e' { r8 e16 e' dis fis, gis d' cis }}</score>
|<score>{\relative e' { r8 e16 e' dis fis, gis d' cis }}</score>
|-
|-
|
| [[Schmahl Organ Tablatures]]<br>[[D-B Mus.ms. 30147]] p.25-29
|Praeludium in E Minor, Kleine
|Praeludium in E Minor, Kleine
|<score>{\clef bass \key e \minor \relative e { \repeat tremolo 2 { e16 g } \repeat tremolo 2 { fis16 a } \repeat tremolo 2 { g16 b } \repeat tremolo 2 { a16 c } }}</score>
|<score>{\clef bass \key e \minor \relative e { \repeat tremolo 2 { e16 g } \repeat tremolo 2 { fis16 a } \repeat tremolo 2 { g16 b } \repeat tremolo 2 { a16 c } }}</score>
|-
|-
|
|[[Möller Manuscript]] f.54v<br>[[B-Bc 26659]] f.25r-27v<br>[[D-B Mus.ms. 2683]] f.26v-29v<br>[[D-B Am.B 462]] p.56-63<br>[[D-B Am.B 430]] p.56-63<br>[[D-B Mus.ms. 2681/1]] f.28v-32r
|Praeludium in G Major
|Praeludium in G Major
|<score>{<< \relative g'' { r16 g fis e d c b a b} \\ \relative b' { r8 r16 g fis e d c d } >>}</score>
|<score>{<< \relative g'' { r16 g fis e d c b a b} \\ \relative b' { r8 r16 g fis e d c d } >>}</score>
|-
|-
|
|[[DK-Kk mu 7503.0234]] f.8v-9r
|Praeludium in G Minor
|<score>{\key g \minor \relative g'' { r16 g fis g d g fis g c, }}</score>
|-
|
|Adagio in D Major (Frag.)
|Adagio in D Major (Frag.)
|<score>{\key d \major << \relative a' { r8 a d c c4. bes8 bes2*1/2 } \\ \relative d' { r2 d2 d2*1/2 } \\ \\ \relative a' { r2 a2~a4 } >>}</score>
|<score>{\key d \major << \relative a' { r8 a d c c4. bes8 bes2*1/2 } \\ \relative d' { r2 d2 d2*1/2 } \\ \\ \relative a' { r2 a2~a4 } >>}</score>
|-
|-
|
|[[D-B Mus.ms. Bach P 802]] p.162-175<br>''Ornamented:''<br>[[B-Bc 26659]] f.28r-30r<br>[[D-B Mus.ms. 2683]] f.30r-35r<br>[[D-B Am.B 462]] p.64-75<br>[[D-B Am.B 430]] p.64-75<br>[[D-B Mus.ms. 2681/1]] f.32v-38v
|Nun Komm, der Heiden Heiland
|Nun Komm, der Heiden Heiland
|<score>{\clef alto \relative g { g2 g fis bes a4 }}</score>
|<score>{\clef alto \relative g { g2 g fis bes a4 }}</score>
|-
!colspan="3"|Cantatas<ref>Stein, Fritz. Complete works (see editions)</ref>
|-
|
|Die Zeit meines Abschieds ist vorhanden. Kantate für 4-stimmigen Chor, Streicher und Orgel
|
|-
|
|Das Herr hat seinen Stuhl im Himmel bereitet. Geistliches Konzert für Solo-Baß, Streicher und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|Jauchzet dem Herren alle Welt. Geistliches Konzert für Solo-Tenor, 2 Violinen, Fagott und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|De profundis clamavi. Geistliches Konzert für Solo-Baß, 2 Violinen und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|Mein Herz ist bereit. Geistliches Konzert für Solo-Baß, Solo-Violine und Basso Continuo
|
|-
|
|Wohl dem, der den Herrn fürchtet. Geistliches Konzert für 2 Solo-Soprane, Solo-Baß, Streicher und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|Paratum cor meum. Geistliches Konzert für 2 Solo-Tenöre, Solo-Baß, Violine solo, 2 Violen de gamba und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|Ich liege und schafe. Kantate für vierstimmigen Chor, vier Solostimmen, Streicher und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|Muß nicht der Mensch auf dieser Erden in stetem Streite sein. Kantate für view Singstimmen, Streichorchester, zwei Clarini und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|O werter heil'ger Geist. "Canzon spirituale" für vier Solostimmen, Chor, Streicher, zwei Clarini und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|Hemmt eure Tränenflut. "Madrigal" für vier Singstimmen, Streichinstrumente und Basso continuo
|
|-
|
|Erstanden ist der heilige Christ. Choralkantate für zwei Solo-Tenöre, zwei Violinen und Basso continuo
|
|}
|}
In 2006, the ''Prelude in G Minor'' which had previously been attributed to Bruhns was found to have been similarities with [[Arnold Matthias Brunckhorst]] by [[Dietrich Kollmannsperger]] (see [[Arnold Matthias Brunckhorst#Prelude in G Minor]]). Following this, the number of fully-extant known präludia by Bruhns was reduced back to 3.


== Editions ==
== Editions ==
Line 102: Line 58:
Listed in Chronological order:
Listed in Chronological order:


* [[Alexandre Guilmant]], editor. ''Choral: Nun Komm der Heiden Heiland''. Ecole Classique de L'orgue. Paris: Durand, 1900. <ref>[https://imslp.org/wiki/Special:ReverseLookup/177215 imslp.org], accessed 21 July, 2023.</ref>
* [[Alexandre Guilmant]], editor. ''Choral: Nun Komm der Heiden Heiland''. Ecole Classique de L'orgue. Paris: Durand, 1900. <ref>{{IMSLP|177215}}, accessed 21 July, 2023.</ref>
(Ornamented)
(Ornamented)


Line 109: Line 65:


* [[Fritz Stein]], editor. ''Nicolaus Bruhns: Gesammelte Werke.'' Erbe deutscher Musik. Zweite Reihe, Landschaftsdenkmale. Schleswig-Holstein und Hansestädte; vol. 1-2. Braunschweig: H. Litolff, 1939.
* [[Fritz Stein]], editor. ''Nicolaus Bruhns: Gesammelte Werke.'' Erbe deutscher Musik. Zweite Reihe, Landschaftsdenkmale. Schleswig-Holstein und Hansestädte; vol. 1-2. Braunschweig: H. Litolff, 1939.
Contains three Praeludia and ''Nun Komm der Heiden Heiland'' (ornamented).
Contains three Praeludia and ''Nun Komm der Heiden Heiland'' (ornamented), as well as all surviving cantatas by him.


* [[Klaus Beckmann]], editor. ''Nikolaus Bruhns: Sämtliche Orgelwerke.'' Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1972.
* [[Klaus Beckmann]], editor. ''Nikolaus Bruhns: Sämtliche Orgelwerke.'' Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1972.
Line 120: Line 76:


==References==
==References==
''See notes''
{{NdS2 2009}} 531-545.


<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 21:37, 13 November 2024

Nicolaus (or Nikolaus) Bruhns (1665-1697) was a German organist and composer working in Husum.

Life

Nicolaus Bruhns was born between December 3 and 24, 1665, in Schwabstedt, around 15 kilometers south-east from Husum, where his father (maybe a student of Franz Tunder) was working as organist. He likely began learning music from his father, and in 1681 he moved to Lübeck to study the viola da gamba, violin, organ and composition.

His teacher Dietrich Buxtehude advised him to go to Kopenhagen. Nothing is known about Bruhns's time there, which started in 1686...perhaps he was a student of Christian Geist.

On March 30, 1689, Nicolaus Bruhns became the organist at the state church in Husum.

In 1740, Johann Mattheson wrote a curious tale in which Bruhns played his violin while sitting at the organ, playing the pedals and the violin at the same time.

Bruhns passed away on March 29, 1697, at only 31 years old.

Works

The first page of the Prelude in E Minor by Nicolaus Bruhns

The organ works by Bruhns survive in the following sources:

Surviving organ works by Nicolaus Bruhns
Source(s)[2] Title Incipit
Möller Manuscript f.97v-100r Praeludium in E Minor, Groß
{\relative e' { r8 e16 e' dis fis, gis d' cis }}
Schmahl Organ Tablatures
D-B Mus.ms. 30147 p.25-29 		Praeludium in E Minor, Kleine
{\clef bass \key e \minor \relative e { \repeat tremolo 2 { e16 g } \repeat tremolo 2 { fis16 a } \repeat tremolo 2 { g16 b } \repeat tremolo 2 { a16 c } }}
Möller Manuscript f.54v
B-Bc 26659 f.25r-27v
D-B Mus.ms. 2683 f.26v-29v
D-B Am.B 462 p.56-63
D-B Am.B 430 p.56-63
D-B Mus.ms. 2681/1 f.28v-32r 		Praeludium in G Major
{<< \relative g'' { r16 g fis e d c b a b} \\ \relative b' { r8 r16 g fis e d c d } >>}
DK-Kk mu 7503.0234 f.8v-9r Adagio in D Major (Frag.)
{\key d \major << \relative a' { r8 a d c c4. bes8 bes2*1/2 } \\ \relative d' { r2 d2 d2*1/2 } \\ \\ \relative a' { r2 a2~a4 } >>}
D-B Mus.ms. Bach P 802 p.162-175
Ornamented:
B-Bc 26659 f.28r-30r
D-B Mus.ms. 2683 f.30r-35r
D-B Am.B 462 p.64-75
D-B Am.B 430 p.64-75
D-B Mus.ms. 2681/1 f.32v-38v 		Nun Komm, der Heiden Heiland
{\clef alto \relative g { g2 g fis bes a4 }}

In 2006, the Prelude in G Minor which had previously been attributed to Bruhns was found to have been similarities with Arnold Matthias Brunckhorst by Dietrich Kollmannsperger (see Arnold Matthias Brunckhorst#Prelude in G Minor). Following this, the number of fully-extant known präludia by Bruhns was reduced back to 3.

Editions

This article is a stub, you can help expand it with more information and citations!

Note: "Three praeludiua" does not include the Prelude in G Minor.

Listed in Chronological order:

  • Alexandre Guilmant, editor. Choral: Nun Komm der Heiden Heiland. Ecole Classique de L'orgue. Paris: Durand, 1900. [3]

(Ornamented)

Contains three Praeludia only.

  • Fritz Stein, editor. Nicolaus Bruhns: Gesammelte Werke. Erbe deutscher Musik. Zweite Reihe, Landschaftsdenkmale. Schleswig-Holstein und Hansestädte; vol. 1-2. Braunschweig: H. Litolff, 1939.

Contains three Praeludia and Nun Komm der Heiden Heiland (ornamented), as well as all surviving cantatas by him.

  • Klaus Beckmann, editor. Nikolaus Bruhns: Sämtliche Orgelwerke. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1972.
  • Harald Vogel, editor. Bruhns: Sämtliche Orgelwerke. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 2008.[4]

References

Beckmann, Klaus, Die Norddeutsche Schule. Teil II: Blütezeit und Verfall. Mainz: Schott, 2009. 531-545.

  1. ↑ Beckmann, Klaus, Die Norddeutsche Schule. Teil II: Blütezeit und Verfall. Mainz: Schott, 2009. 535.
  2. ↑ Beckmann, Klaus (editor). Nicolaus Bruhns: Sämtliche Orgelwerke. Meister der Norddeutschen Orgelschule 13. [earlier edition, not including Brunckhorst] Mainz: Schott, 2004.
  3. ↑ IMSLP177215, accessed 21 July, 2023.
  4. ↑ www.breitkopf.com, accessed 21 July, 2023.
  5. ↑ www.schott-music.com, accessed July 21, 2023.
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