Doppelstrich - Revision history

Fiskfan1999: /* Execution */ quote by Klaus Beckmann

2023-07-18T21:50:42Z

Execution: quote by Klaus Beckmann

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:50, 18 July 2023
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	==Execution==		==Execution==
	Due to the lack of scientific results, no generally valid rules can be established for a historically correct execution of this ornament. However, there are some testimonies from the area of the [[North German organ school]], which allow an approximation to the practices of that time. One of the most important findings is a possible adaptation of the length of an ornament to the length of the underlying note. [[Michael Praetorius]]' ''[[Syntagma musicum]]'' (1619), [[Johann Adam Reincken]]'s ''[[Hortus Musicus\|Hortvs Musicvs]]'' (1687) and explanations by [[Martin Heinrich Fuhrmann]] (1669-1745) show that trills - or "trillo" or "tremuli" - begin with the main note. A correspondence of the symbol \|\| with [[Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck]]'s // is obvious and requires a situation-dependent execution on the basis of the flow direction of the music, but also presupposes a beginning with the main note. However, a performance with a beginning secondary note is conceivable in later works of the North German organ school as in [[Vincent Lübeck]].<ref>[[Klaus Beckmann\|Beckmann, K.]], 2009. ''Blütezeit und Verfall'', 1. Auflage. ed, ''Die Norddeutsche Schule: Orgelmusik im protestantischen Norddeutschland zwischen 1517 und 1755''. Schott, Mainz.</ref><ref>[[Jon Laukvik\|Laukvik, J.]], 1990. ''Orgelschule zur historischen Aufführungspraxis. Eine Einführung in die „alte Spielweise“ anhand ausgewählter Orgelwerke des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts''. Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart.</ref> Also the Hamburg manuscript [[S.M.G. 1691]] only achieves a beginning of trills with the secondary note around 1710 by means of suggested notes.<ref>[[Siegbert Rampe\|Rampe, S.]], 2003. ''Vincent Lübeck. Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Orgel- und Clavierwerke.'' Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel.</ref>		Due to the lack of scientific results, no generally valid rules can be established for a historically correct execution of this ornament. However, there are some testimonies from the area of the [[North German organ school]], which allow an approximation to the practices of that time. One of the most important findings is a possible adaptation of the length of an ornament to the length of the underlying note. [[Michael Praetorius]]' ''[[Syntagma musicum]]'' (1619), [[Johann Adam Reincken]]'s ''[[Hortus Musicus\|Hortvs Musicvs]]'' (1687) and explanations by [[Martin Heinrich Fuhrmann]] (1669-1745) show that trills - or "trillo" or "tremuli" - begin with the main note. A correspondence of the symbol \|\| with [[Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck]]'s // is obvious and requires a situation-dependent execution on the basis of the flow direction of the music, but also presupposes a beginning with the main note. However, a performance with a beginning secondary note is conceivable in later works of the North German organ school as in [[Vincent Lübeck]].<ref>[[Klaus Beckmann\|Beckmann, K.]], 2009. ''Blütezeit und Verfall'', 1. Auflage. ed, ''Die Norddeutsche Schule: Orgelmusik im protestantischen Norddeutschland zwischen 1517 und 1755''. Schott, Mainz.</ref><ref>[[Jon Laukvik\|Laukvik, J.]], 1990. ''Orgelschule zur historischen Aufführungspraxis. Eine Einführung in die „alte Spielweise“ anhand ausgewählter Orgelwerke des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts''. Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart.</ref> Also the Hamburg manuscript [[S.M.G. 1691]] only achieves a beginning of trills with the secondary note around 1710 by means of suggested notes.<ref>[[Siegbert Rampe\|Rampe, S.]], 2003. ''Vincent Lübeck. Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Orgel- und Clavierwerke.'' Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel.</ref><blockquote>In connection with the transmission of Buxtehude's suites and variations, it can be proven that around 1700 the tablature symbols double vertical line, double cross and wavy line were identified as the "agréments" ''cadence'' or ''tremblement, pincement'' or ''coulé.'' With all due caution, one can infer that the symbol of the double vertical line often found in the tablatures signifies an ornament which uses the upper auxiliary note, ... .<ref>Beckmann, K (editor). ''D. Buxtehude: Sämtliche Orgelwerke, Band I-II.'' Wiesbaden: Edition Breitkopf, 1997. Preface.</ref></blockquote>

	==References==		==References==

Irahs: fix

2023-07-18T18:55:44Z

fix

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	[[File:Doppelstriche2.jpg\|thumb\|The opening notes from ''Fantasia a 6'' from D-B Mus. Ms. Lynar b 3]]		[[File:Doppelstriche2.jpg\|thumb\|The opening notes from ''Fantasia a 6'' from D-B Mus. Ms. Lynar b 3]]
	Like all ornaments in [[New German Tablature Notation\|New German Tablature]], the ''Doppelstrich'' appears below the note which it applies to. It appears as two parallel lines either vertical or rotated slightly clock-wise.		Like all ornaments in [[New German Tablature Notation\|New German Tablature]], the ''Doppelstrich'' appears below the note which it applies to. It appears as two parallel lines either vertical or rotated slightly clock-wise.
	[[File:Doppelstriche3.png\|thumb\|From [[Peter Heydorn]], ~~Toccata~~, in [[Lowell Mason Codex]]]]		[[File:Doppelstriche3.png\|thumb\|From [[Peter Heydorn]], Fuga in g, in [[Lowell Mason Codex]]]]
	The ''Doppelstrich'' occasionally appears in German manuscripts in stave notation. Here it usually appears above or below the note, and not intersecting the stem of the note as in English virginal music{{Citation needed}}.		The ''Doppelstrich'' occasionally appears in German manuscripts in stave notation. Here it usually appears above or below the note, and not intersecting the stem of the note as in English virginal music{{Citation needed}}.
	[[File:Doppelstriche4.png\|thumb\|From ''Vater Unser im Himmelreich'' by [[Dietrich Buxtehude]] from [[D-B Mus.ms. 30280]]]]		[[File:Doppelstriche4.png\|thumb\|From ''Vater Unser im Himmelreich'' by [[Dietrich Buxtehude]] from [[D-B Mus.ms. 30280]]]]
	Additionally, an interesting ornament appears in [[D-B Mus.ms. 30280]] which appears to be a notehead with a ''~~Doppelstriche~~'' intersecting the stem.<ref>[http://resolver.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/SBB0001A6B300000000] accessed 18 July, 2023</ref>		Additionally, an interesting ornament appears in [[D-B Mus.ms. 30280]] which appears to be a notehead with a ''Doppelstrich'' intersecting the stem.<ref>[http://resolver.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/SBB0001A6B300000000] accessed 18 July, 2023</ref>

	==Execution==		==Execution==

Fiskfan1999: /* Appearence */

2023-07-18T18:20:43Z

Appearence

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:20, 18 July 2023
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	== Appearence ==		== Appearence ==
	[[File:Doppelstriche2.jpg\|thumb\|The opening notes from ''Fantasia a 6'' from D-B Mus. Ms. Lynar b 3]]		[[File:Doppelstriche2.jpg\|thumb\|The opening notes from ''Fantasia a 6'' from D-B Mus. Ms. Lynar b 3]]
	Like all ornaments in [[New German Tablature]], the ''Doppelstrich'' appears below the note which it applies to. It appears as two parallel lines either vertical or rotated slightly clock-wise.		Like all ornaments in [[New German Tablature Notation\|New German Tablature]], the ''Doppelstrich'' appears below the note which it applies to. It appears as two parallel lines either vertical or rotated slightly clock-wise.
	[[File:Doppelstriche3.png\|thumb\|From [[Peter Heydorn]], Toccata, in [[Lowell Mason Codex]]]]		[[File:Doppelstriche3.png\|thumb\|From [[Peter Heydorn]], Toccata, in [[Lowell Mason Codex]]]]
	The ''Doppelstrich'' occasionally appears in German manuscripts in stave notation. Here it usually appears above or below the note, and not intersecting the stem of the note as in English virginal music{{Citation needed}}.		The ''Doppelstrich'' occasionally appears in German manuscripts in stave notation. Here it usually appears above or below the note, and not intersecting the stem of the note as in English virginal music{{Citation needed}}.

Fiskfan1999: appearence

2023-07-18T18:17:45Z

appearence

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:17, 18 July 2023
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			[[File:Doppelstriche1.jpg\|thumb\|From ''O Lux beata Trinitas'' by [[Johann Bahr]], in the [[Visby Tablature]]]]
	The '''double bar''' or '''double line''' (de "Doppelstrich" or "Doppelsenkrechte) is an [[ornament]] that appeared primarily in [[Baroque]] music in northern Germany.		The '''double bar''' or '''double line''' (de "Doppelstrich" or "Doppelsenkrechte) is an [[ornament]] that appeared primarily in [[Baroque]] music in northern Germany.

			== Appearence ==
			[[File:Doppelstriche2.jpg\|thumb\|The opening notes from ''Fantasia a 6'' from D-B Mus. Ms. Lynar b 3]]
			Like all ornaments in [[New German Tablature]], the ''Doppelstrich'' appears below the note which it applies to. It appears as two parallel lines either vertical or rotated slightly clock-wise.
			[[File:Doppelstriche3.png\|thumb\|From [[Peter Heydorn]], Toccata, in [[Lowell Mason Codex]]]]
			The ''Doppelstrich'' occasionally appears in German manuscripts in stave notation. Here it usually appears above or below the note, and not intersecting the stem of the note as in English virginal music{{Citation needed}}.
			[[File:Doppelstriche4.png\|thumb\|From ''Vater Unser im Himmelreich'' by [[Dietrich Buxtehude]] from [[D-B Mus.ms. 30280]]]]
			Additionally, an interesting ornament appears in [[D-B Mus.ms. 30280]] which appears to be a notehead with a ''Doppelstriche'' intersecting the stem.<ref>[http://resolver.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/SBB0001A6B300000000] accessed 18 July, 2023</ref>

	==Execution==		==Execution==

Irahs: fix

2023-07-18T18:00:21Z

fix

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:00, 18 July 2023
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	==Execution==		==Execution==
	Due to the lack of scientific results, no generally valid rules can be established for a historically correct execution of this ornament. However, there are some testimonies from the area of the [[North German organ school]], which allow an approximation to the practices of that time. One of the most important findings is a possible adaptation of the length of an ornament to the length of the underlying note. [[Michael Praetorius]]' ''[[Syntagma musicum]]'' (1619), [[Johann Adam Reincken]]s ''[[Hortus Musicus\|Hortvs Musicvs]]'' (1687) and explanations by [[Martin Heinrich Fuhrmann]] (1669-1745) show that trills - or "trillo" or "tremuli" - begin with the main note. A correspondence of the symbol \|\| with [[Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck]]'s // is obvious and requires a situation-dependent execution on the basis of the flow direction of the music, but also presupposes a beginning with the main note. However, a performance with a beginning secondary note is conceivable in later works of the North German organ school as in [[Vincent Lübeck]].<ref>[[Klaus Beckmann\|Beckmann, K.]], 2009. ''Blütezeit und Verfall'', 1. Auflage. ed, ''Die Norddeutsche Schule: Orgelmusik im protestantischen Norddeutschland zwischen 1517 und 1755''. Schott, Mainz.</ref><ref>[[Jon Laukvik\|Laukvik, J.]], 1990. ''Orgelschule zur historischen Aufführungspraxis. Eine Einführung in die „alte Spielweise“ anhand ausgewählter Orgelwerke des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts''. Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart.</ref> Also the Hamburg manuscript [[S.M.G. 1691]] only achieves a beginning of trills with the secondary note around 1710 by means of suggested notes.<ref>[[Siegbert Rampe\|Rampe, S.]], 2003. ''Vincent Lübeck. Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Orgel- und Clavierwerke.'' Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel.</ref>		Due to the lack of scientific results, no generally valid rules can be established for a historically correct execution of this ornament. However, there are some testimonies from the area of the [[North German organ school]], which allow an approximation to the practices of that time. One of the most important findings is a possible adaptation of the length of an ornament to the length of the underlying note. [[Michael Praetorius]]' ''[[Syntagma musicum]]'' (1619), [[Johann Adam Reincken]]'s ''[[Hortus Musicus\|Hortvs Musicvs]]'' (1687) and explanations by [[Martin Heinrich Fuhrmann]] (1669-1745) show that trills - or "trillo" or "tremuli" - begin with the main note. A correspondence of the symbol \|\| with [[Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck]]'s // is obvious and requires a situation-dependent execution on the basis of the flow direction of the music, but also presupposes a beginning with the main note. However, a performance with a beginning secondary note is conceivable in later works of the North German organ school as in [[Vincent Lübeck]].<ref>[[Klaus Beckmann\|Beckmann, K.]], 2009. ''Blütezeit und Verfall'', 1. Auflage. ed, ''Die Norddeutsche Schule: Orgelmusik im protestantischen Norddeutschland zwischen 1517 und 1755''. Schott, Mainz.</ref><ref>[[Jon Laukvik\|Laukvik, J.]], 1990. ''Orgelschule zur historischen Aufführungspraxis. Eine Einführung in die „alte Spielweise“ anhand ausgewählter Orgelwerke des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts''. Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart.</ref> Also the Hamburg manuscript [[S.M.G. 1691]] only achieves a beginning of trills with the secondary note around 1710 by means of suggested notes.<ref>[[Siegbert Rampe\|Rampe, S.]], 2003. ''Vincent Lübeck. Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Orgel- und Clavierwerke.'' Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel.</ref>

	==References==		==References==

Irahs: Neuer Artikel

2023-07-18T17:58:55Z

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The '''double bar''' or '''double line''' (de "Doppelstrich" or "Doppelsenkrechte) is an [[ornament]] that appeared primarily in [[Baroque]] music in northern Germany.

==Execution==
Due to the lack of scientific results, no generally valid rules can be established for a historically correct execution of this ornament. However, there are some testimonies from the area of the [[North German organ school]], which allow an approximation to the practices of that time. One of the most important findings is a possible adaptation of the length of an ornament to the length of the underlying note. [[Michael Praetorius]]' ''[[Syntagma musicum]]'' (1619), [[Johann Adam Reincken]]s ''[[Hortus Musicus|Hortvs Musicvs]]'' (1687) and explanations by [[Martin Heinrich Fuhrmann]] (1669-1745) show that trills - or "trillo" or "tremuli" - begin with the main note. A correspondence of the symbol || with [[Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck]]'s // is obvious and requires a situation-dependent execution on the basis of the flow direction of the music, but also presupposes a beginning with the main note. However, a performance with a beginning secondary note is conceivable in later works of the North German organ school as in [[Vincent Lübeck]].<ref>[[Klaus Beckmann|Beckmann, K.]], 2009. ''Blütezeit und Verfall'', 1. Auflage. ed, ''Die Norddeutsche Schule: Orgelmusik im protestantischen Norddeutschland zwischen 1517 und 1755''. Schott, Mainz.</ref><ref>[[Jon Laukvik|Laukvik, J.]], 1990. ''Orgelschule zur historischen Aufführungspraxis. Eine Einführung in die „alte Spielweise“ anhand ausgewählter Orgelwerke des 16. bis 18. Jahrhunderts''. Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart.</ref> Also the Hamburg manuscript [[S.M.G. 1691]] only achieves a beginning of trills with the secondary note around 1710 by means of suggested notes.<ref>[[Siegbert Rampe|Rampe, S.]], 2003. ''Vincent Lübeck. Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Orgel- und Clavierwerke.'' Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel.</ref>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Ornaments]]